Calculate and match the molarity of the following solutions: 1. 29.0 g ethanol (C2H5OH) in 545 mL of solution 2. 15.4 g sucrose (C12H22O11) in 74.0 mL of solution 3. 9.00 g sodium chloride (NaCl) in 86.4 mL of solution

Answer

Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution (M = n/V). 1. For ethanol (C2H5OH): - Molar mass of ethanol ≈ 46.07 g/mol. - Moles of ethanol = 29.0 g / 46.07 g/mol ≈ 0.6295 mol. - Volume in liters = 545 mL / 1000 = 0.545 L. - Molarity = 0.6295 mol / 0.545 L ≈ 1.16 M. 2. For sucrose (C12H22O11): - Molar mass of sucrose ≈ 342.3 g/mol. - Moles of sucrose = 15.4 g / 342.3 g/mol ≈ 0.04499 mol. - Volume in liters = 74.0 mL / 1000 = 0.0740 L. - Molarity = 0.04499 mol / 0.0740 L ≈ 0.608 M. 3. For sodium chloride (NaCl): - Molar mass of NaCl ≈ 58.44 g/mol. - Moles of NaCl = 9.00 g / 58.44 g/mol ≈ 0.1540 mol. - Volume in liters = 86.4 mL / 1000 = 0.0864 L. - Molarity = 0.1540 mol / 0.0864 L ≈ 1.78 M.